What are the common methods of sewage treatment?
Release time:
2024-03-08 00:00
Source:
What are the common methods of sewage treatment: sediment filtration method, hard water softening method, activated carbon adsorption method, deionization method, reverse osmosis method, ultrafiltration method, distillation method, ultraviolet disinfection method, as well as "depth" treatment method.
No.1
sediment filtration method
The purpose of the sediment filtration method is to remove suspended particulate or colloidal matter from the water source. These particulate matter, if not removed, can cause damage to other delicate filtration membranes of the dialysis water or even blockage of the waterway. This is the oldest and simplest water purification method, so this step is often used in the preliminary treatment of water purification, or when necessary, a few more filters are added to the pipeline to remove large impurities.
The suspended particulate matter can be filtered using a variety of filters, such as mesh filters, sand filters (e. g., quartz sand, etc.), or membrane filters. As long as the particle size is larger than the size of these holes, it will be blocked. For ions dissolved in water, it can not stop.
No.2
hard water softening method
The softening of hard water requires the use of ion exchange method. Its purpose is to use cation exchange resin to exchange calcium and magnesium ions in hard water with sodium ions to reduce the concentration of calcium and magnesium ions in the water source.
No.7
distillation method
Distillation is an ancient but effective water treatment method. It can remove any non-volatile impurities, but it cannot eliminate volatile pollutants. It needs a large water storage tank to store. This water storage tank and delivery pipe are the important causes of pollution. Hemodialysis water does not need to be treated in this way.
No.8
ultraviolet disinfection method
Ultraviolet disinfection is one of the commonly used methods. Ultraviolet disinfection does not produce any secondary pollutants. It belongs to the latest generation of disinfection technology in the world. With its high efficiency, broad spectrum, low cost, long life, large water volume, no pollution and other disinfection methods, it has gradually become a mainstream disinfection method in western developed countries.
Its sterilization mechanism is to destroy the living genetic material of the bacterial nucleic acid, making it unable to reproduce, and the most important reaction is that the pyrimidine salt base in the nucleic acid molecule becomes a dimer. In general, ultraviolet energy of artificial 253.7nm wavelength of a low-pressure mercury discharge lamp (germicidal lamp) is used.
The principle of ultraviolet germicidal lamp is the same as that of fluorescent lamp, except that fluorescent material is not coated inside the lamp tube. The material of the lamp tube is quartz glass with high ultraviolet transmittance. General UV devices are divided into irradiation type, immersion type and water type according to their use.
9. Depth processing method
No.1
chemical coagulation method
It is suitable for sewage treatment such as sewage phosphorus and heavy metal ions, and directly adding chemical agents, such as phosphorus removal agent and heavy metal capture agent, to achieve the removal effect by chemical action and precipitation of pollutants.
No.2
chemical oxidation method
It is mainly aimed at the over-standard indexes such as ammonia nitrogen and cod in sewage. By adding ammonia nitrogen remover and water purifying agent, ammonia nitrogen and cod in sewage can be decomposed through strong oxidation, and more than 96% can be removed in 5 minutes.
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Operating Procedures for Waste Gas Treatment Equipment
Waste gas treatment equipment is one of the essential equipment in the production process, and reasonable operating procedures are important for the normal operation of the equipment and the safety of the staff. During the operation, pay attention to the details of the equipment, pay attention to the operating status of the equipment, and take timely measures to ensure the normal operation of the equipment.
Process flow of waste gas treatment
Exhaust gas collection and transportation. First, the gas from the exhaust emission source needs to be collected and transported to the processing equipment through a pipeline or ventilation system.
The significance and purpose of sewage treatment
Protection of water resources: sewage treatment can remove or reduce harmful substances in sewage to achieve a safe level, thereby protecting the sustainable use of water resources. Improve environmental quality: By treating sewage, it can effectively reduce the content of toxic and harmful substances in the environment, prevent and reduce water and soil pollution, and protect the stability of the ecological environment.
Sewage treatment project is an important part of urban municipal construction, industrial enterprise construction or sewage treatment. Its construction must be carried out according to the national capital construction procedures. The current capital construction procedures are generally divided into several steps: project proposal, project feasibility study, project engineering design, project and equipment bidding, project construction, completion acceptance, operation commissioning and standard acceptance. These construction steps basically include the whole process of project construction, and they can also be divided into three stages.
In the process of economic development, the main rivers and lakes in China are seriously eutrophicated due to phosphorus pollution. In order to control phosphorus pollution, the State Environmental Protection Bureau has formulated relatively strict standards for phosphorus emissions.
The main principle of disinfectant is oxidation, interference with the cell membrane permeability of pathogenic microorganisms, protein denaturation of pathogenic microorganisms, destruction of the cell membrane structure of pathogenic microorganisms, interference with the enzyme system of pathogenic microorganisms, etc., to achieve the purpose of killing pathogenic microorganisms. It is recommended to use disinfectants under the guidance of a doctor.
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